No, you need a passport. You can pay $50 for express pick-up (2 to 9 business days) or $110 for urgent pick-up (24 hours). These fees are in addition to the usual passport fee.
Since your passport expired in July you can use the simplified passport application form, which means you just need to bring that expired passport and two new passport photos.
Notes on urgent and express pick-up:
Urgent services are not available at:
Canada Post and Service Canada receiving agents; or
Passport Canada offices in Pointe-Claire, Whitby, Brampton, Calgary South, Kelowna and Richmond.
Standard pick-up and Express services are not available at:
Canada Post and Service Canada receiving agents; or
the Pointe-Claire Passport Canada office.
You may apply for pick-up or express service at the Passport Canada offices in Whitby, Brampton, Calgary South and Richmond, but you will be required to pick up your passport at another location to be confirmed when you submit your application.
At the Kelowna Passport Canada office: In-person service (10 working days) and express service (4 to 9 working days) are available.